import sys import warnings import functools import operator import pytest import numpy as np from numpy.core._multiarray_tests import array_indexing from itertools import product from numpy.testing import ( assert_, assert_equal, assert_raises, assert_raises_regex, assert_array_equal, assert_warns, HAS_REFCOUNT, IS_WASM ) class TestIndexing: def test_index_no_floats(self): a = np.array([[[5]]]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, 0.0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[:, 0.0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[:, 0.0,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0,:,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, 0, 0.0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0, 0, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, 0.0, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[-1.4]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, -1.4]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[-1.4, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[-1.4,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[:, -1.4]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[:, -1.4,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[-1.4,:,:]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, 0, -1.4]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[-1.4, 0, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0, -1.4, 0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0:, 0.0]) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[0.0:, 0.0,:]) def test_slicing_no_floats(self): a = np.array([[5]]) # start as float. assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0.0:]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0:, 0.0:2]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0.0::2, :0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0.0:1:2,:]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:, 0.0:]) # stop as float. assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:0.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:0, 1:2.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:0.0:2, :0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:0.0,:]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:, 0:4.0:2]) # step as float. assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[::1.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0:, :2:2.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[1::4.0, :0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[::5.0,:]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:, 0:4:2.0]) # mixed. assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[1.0:2:2.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[1.0::2.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[0:, :2.0:2.0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[1.0:1:4.0, :0]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[1.0:5.0:5.0,:]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[:, 0.4:4.0:2.0]) # should still get the DeprecationWarning if step = 0. assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[::0.0]) def test_index_no_array_to_index(self): # No non-scalar arrays. a = np.array([[[1]]]) assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: a[a:a:a]) def test_none_index(self): # `None` index adds newaxis a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(a[None], a[np.newaxis]) assert_equal(a[None].ndim, a.ndim + 1) def test_empty_tuple_index(self): # Empty tuple index creates a view a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(a[()], a) assert_(a[()].base is a) a = np.array(0) assert_(isinstance(a[()], np.int_)) def test_void_scalar_empty_tuple(self): s = np.zeros((), dtype='V4') assert_equal(s[()].dtype, s.dtype) assert_equal(s[()], s) assert_equal(type(s[...]), np.ndarray) def test_same_kind_index_casting(self): # Indexes should be cast with same-kind and not safe, even if that # is somewhat unsafe. So test various different code paths. index = np.arange(5) u_index = index.astype(np.uintp) arr = np.arange(10) assert_array_equal(arr[index], arr[u_index]) arr[u_index] = np.arange(5) assert_array_equal(arr, np.arange(10)) arr = np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2) assert_array_equal(arr[index], arr[u_index]) arr[u_index] = np.arange(5)[:,None] assert_array_equal(arr, np.arange(5)[:,None].repeat(2, axis=1)) arr = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5) assert_array_equal(arr[u_index, u_index], arr[index, index]) def test_empty_fancy_index(self): # Empty list index creates an empty array # with the same dtype (but with weird shape) a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(a[[]], []) assert_equal(a[[]].dtype, a.dtype) b = np.array([], dtype=np.intp) assert_equal(a[[]], []) assert_equal(a[[]].dtype, a.dtype) b = np.array([]) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, b) def test_ellipsis_index(self): a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) assert_(a[...] is not a) assert_equal(a[...], a) # `a[...]` was `a` in numpy <1.9. assert_(a[...].base is a) # Slicing with ellipsis can skip an # arbitrary number of dimensions assert_equal(a[0, ...], a[0]) assert_equal(a[0, ...], a[0,:]) assert_equal(a[..., 0], a[:, 0]) # Slicing with ellipsis always results # in an array, not a scalar assert_equal(a[0, ..., 1], np.array(2)) # Assignment with `(Ellipsis,)` on 0-d arrays b = np.array(1) b[(Ellipsis,)] = 2 assert_equal(b, 2) def test_single_int_index(self): # Single integer index selects one row a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) assert_equal(a[0], [1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(a[-1], [7, 8, 9]) # Index out of bounds produces IndexError assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, 1 << 30) # Index overflow produces IndexError assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, 1 << 64) def test_single_bool_index(self): # Single boolean index a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) assert_equal(a[np.array(True)], a[None]) assert_equal(a[np.array(False)], a[None][0:0]) def test_boolean_shape_mismatch(self): arr = np.ones((5, 4, 3)) index = np.array([True]) assert_raises(IndexError, arr.__getitem__, index) index = np.array([False] * 6) assert_raises(IndexError, arr.__getitem__, index) index = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype=bool) assert_raises(IndexError, arr.__getitem__, index) assert_raises(IndexError, arr.__getitem__, (slice(None), index)) def test_boolean_indexing_onedim(self): # Indexing a 2-dimensional array with # boolean array of length one a = np.array([[ 0., 0., 0.]]) b = np.array([ True], dtype=bool) assert_equal(a[b], a) # boolean assignment a[b] = 1. assert_equal(a, [[1., 1., 1.]]) def test_boolean_assignment_value_mismatch(self): # A boolean assignment should fail when the shape of the values # cannot be broadcast to the subscription. (see also gh-3458) a = np.arange(4) def f(a, v): a[a > -1] = v assert_raises(ValueError, f, a, []) assert_raises(ValueError, f, a, [1, 2, 3]) assert_raises(ValueError, f, a[:1], [1, 2, 3]) def test_boolean_assignment_needs_api(self): # See also gh-7666 # This caused a segfault on Python 2 due to the GIL not being # held when the iterator does not need it, but the transfer function # does arr = np.zeros(1000) indx = np.zeros(1000, dtype=bool) indx[:100] = True arr[indx] = np.ones(100, dtype=object) expected = np.zeros(1000) expected[:100] = 1 assert_array_equal(arr, expected) def test_boolean_indexing_twodim(self): # Indexing a 2-dimensional array with # 2-dimensional boolean array a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) b = np.array([[ True, False, True], [False, True, False], [ True, False, True]]) assert_equal(a[b], [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]) assert_equal(a[b[1]], [[4, 5, 6]]) assert_equal(a[b[0]], a[b[2]]) # boolean assignment a[b] = 0 assert_equal(a, [[0, 2, 0], [4, 0, 6], [0, 8, 0]]) def test_boolean_indexing_list(self): # Regression test for #13715. It's a use-after-free bug which the # test won't directly catch, but it will show up in valgrind. a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) b = [True, False, True] # Two variants of the test because the first takes a fast path assert_equal(a[b], [1, 3]) assert_equal(a[None, b], [[1, 3]]) def test_reverse_strides_and_subspace_bufferinit(self): # This tests that the strides are not reversed for simple and # subspace fancy indexing. a = np.ones(5) b = np.zeros(5, dtype=np.intp)[::-1] c = np.arange(5)[::-1] a[b] = c # If the strides are not reversed, the 0 in the arange comes last. assert_equal(a[0], 0) # This also tests that the subspace buffer is initialized: a = np.ones((5, 2)) c = np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2)[::-1] a[b, :] = c assert_equal(a[0], [0, 1]) def test_reversed_strides_result_allocation(self): # Test a bug when calculating the output strides for a result array # when the subspace size was 1 (and test other cases as well) a = np.arange(10)[:, None] i = np.arange(10)[::-1] assert_array_equal(a[i], a[i.copy('C')]) a = np.arange(20).reshape(-1, 2) def test_uncontiguous_subspace_assignment(self): # During development there was a bug activating a skip logic # based on ndim instead of size. a = np.full((3, 4, 2), -1) b = np.full((3, 4, 2), -1) a[[0, 1]] = np.arange(2 * 4 * 2).reshape(2, 4, 2).T b[[0, 1]] = np.arange(2 * 4 * 2).reshape(2, 4, 2).T.copy() assert_equal(a, b) def test_too_many_fancy_indices_special_case(self): # Just documents behaviour, this is a small limitation. a = np.ones((1,) * 32) # 32 is NPY_MAXDIMS assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, (np.array([0]),) * 32) def test_scalar_array_bool(self): # NumPy bools can be used as boolean index (python ones as of yet not) a = np.array(1) assert_equal(a[np.bool_(True)], a[np.array(True)]) assert_equal(a[np.bool_(False)], a[np.array(False)]) # After deprecating bools as integers: #a = np.array([0,1,2]) #assert_equal(a[True, :], a[None, :]) #assert_equal(a[:, True], a[:, None]) # #assert_(not np.may_share_memory(a, a[True, :])) def test_everything_returns_views(self): # Before `...` would return a itself. a = np.arange(5) assert_(a is not a[()]) assert_(a is not a[...]) assert_(a is not a[:]) def test_broaderrors_indexing(self): a = np.zeros((5, 5)) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, ([0, 1], [0, 1, 2])) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__setitem__, ([0, 1], [0, 1, 2]), 0) def test_trivial_fancy_out_of_bounds(self): a = np.zeros(5) ind = np.ones(20, dtype=np.intp) ind[-1] = 10 assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, ind) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__setitem__, ind, 0) ind = np.ones(20, dtype=np.intp) ind[0] = 11 assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, ind) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__setitem__, ind, 0) def test_trivial_fancy_not_possible(self): # Test that the fast path for trivial assignment is not incorrectly # used when the index is not contiguous or 1D, see also gh-11467. a = np.arange(6) idx = np.arange(6, dtype=np.intp).reshape(2, 1, 3)[:, :, 0] assert_array_equal(a[idx], idx) # this case must not go into the fast path, note that idx is # a non-contiuguous none 1D array here. a[idx] = -1 res = np.arange(6) res[0] = -1 res[3] = -1 assert_array_equal(a, res) def test_nonbaseclass_values(self): class SubClass(np.ndarray): def __array_finalize__(self, old): # Have array finalize do funny things self.fill(99) a = np.zeros((5, 5)) s = a.copy().view(type=SubClass) s.fill(1) a[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], :] = s assert_((a == 1).all()) # Subspace is last, so transposing might want to finalize a[:, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]] = s assert_((a == 1).all()) a.fill(0) a[...] = s assert_((a == 1).all()) def test_array_like_values(self): # Similar to the above test, but use a memoryview instead a = np.zeros((5, 5)) s = np.arange(25, dtype=np.float64).reshape(5, 5) a[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], :] = memoryview(s) assert_array_equal(a, s) a[:, [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]] = memoryview(s) assert_array_equal(a, s) a[...] = memoryview(s) assert_array_equal(a, s) def test_subclass_writeable(self): d = np.rec.array([('NGC1001', 11), ('NGC1002', 1.), ('NGC1003', 1.)], dtype=[('target', 'S20'), ('V_mag', '>f4')]) ind = np.array([False, True, True], dtype=bool) assert_(d[ind].flags.writeable) ind = np.array([0, 1]) assert_(d[ind].flags.writeable) assert_(d[...].flags.writeable) assert_(d[0].flags.writeable) def test_memory_order(self): # This is not necessary to preserve. Memory layouts for # more complex indices are not as simple. a = np.arange(10) b = np.arange(10).reshape(5,2).T assert_(a[b].flags.f_contiguous) # Takes a different implementation branch: a = a.reshape(-1, 1) assert_(a[b, 0].flags.f_contiguous) def test_scalar_return_type(self): # Full scalar indices should return scalars and object # arrays should not call PyArray_Return on their items class Zero: # The most basic valid indexing def __index__(self): return 0 z = Zero() class ArrayLike: # Simple array, should behave like the array def __array__(self): return np.array(0) a = np.zeros(()) assert_(isinstance(a[()], np.float_)) a = np.zeros(1) assert_(isinstance(a[z], np.float_)) a = np.zeros((1, 1)) assert_(isinstance(a[z, np.array(0)], np.float_)) assert_(isinstance(a[z, ArrayLike()], np.float_)) # And object arrays do not call it too often: b = np.array(0) a = np.array(0, dtype=object) a[()] = b assert_(isinstance(a[()], np.ndarray)) a = np.array([b, None]) assert_(isinstance(a[z], np.ndarray)) a = np.array([[b, None]]) assert_(isinstance(a[z, np.array(0)], np.ndarray)) assert_(isinstance(a[z, ArrayLike()], np.ndarray)) def test_small_regressions(self): # Reference count of intp for index checks a = np.array([0]) if HAS_REFCOUNT: refcount = sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.intp)) # item setting always checks indices in separate function: a[np.array([0], dtype=np.intp)] = 1 a[np.array([0], dtype=np.uint8)] = 1 assert_raises(IndexError, a.__setitem__, np.array([1], dtype=np.intp), 1) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__setitem__, np.array([1], dtype=np.uint8), 1) if HAS_REFCOUNT: assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.intp)), refcount) def test_unaligned(self): v = (np.zeros(64, dtype=np.int8) + ord('a'))[1:-7] d = v.view(np.dtype("S8")) # unaligned source x = (np.zeros(16, dtype=np.int8) + ord('a'))[1:-7] x = x.view(np.dtype("S8")) x[...] = np.array("b" * 8, dtype="S") b = np.arange(d.size) #trivial assert_equal(d[b], d) d[b] = x # nontrivial # unaligned index array b = np.zeros(d.size + 1).view(np.int8)[1:-(np.intp(0).itemsize - 1)] b = b.view(np.intp)[:d.size] b[...] = np.arange(d.size) assert_equal(d[b.astype(np.int16)], d) d[b.astype(np.int16)] = x # boolean d[b % 2 == 0] d[b % 2 == 0] = x[::2] def test_tuple_subclass(self): arr = np.ones((5, 5)) # A tuple subclass should also be an nd-index class TupleSubclass(tuple): pass index = ([1], [1]) index = TupleSubclass(index) assert_(arr[index].shape == (1,)) # Unlike the non nd-index: assert_(arr[index,].shape != (1,)) def test_broken_sequence_not_nd_index(self): # See gh-5063: # If we have an object which claims to be a sequence, but fails # on item getting, this should not be converted to an nd-index (tuple) # If this object happens to be a valid index otherwise, it should work # This object here is very dubious and probably bad though: class SequenceLike: def __index__(self): return 0 def __len__(self): return 1 def __getitem__(self, item): raise IndexError('Not possible') arr = np.arange(10) assert_array_equal(arr[SequenceLike()], arr[SequenceLike(),]) # also test that field indexing does not segfault # for a similar reason, by indexing a structured array arr = np.zeros((1,), dtype=[('f1', 'i8'), ('f2', 'i8')]) assert_array_equal(arr[SequenceLike()], arr[SequenceLike(),]) def test_indexing_array_weird_strides(self): # See also gh-6221 # the shapes used here come from the issue and create the correct # size for the iterator buffering size. x = np.ones(10) x2 = np.ones((10, 2)) ind = np.arange(10)[:, None, None, None] ind = np.broadcast_to(ind, (10, 55, 4, 4)) # single advanced index case assert_array_equal(x[ind], x[ind.copy()]) # higher dimensional advanced index zind = np.zeros(4, dtype=np.intp) assert_array_equal(x2[ind, zind], x2[ind.copy(), zind]) def test_indexing_array_negative_strides(self): # From gh-8264, # core dumps if negative strides are used in iteration arro = np.zeros((4, 4)) arr = arro[::-1, ::-1] slices = (slice(None), [0, 1, 2, 3]) arr[slices] = 10 assert_array_equal(arr, 10.) def test_character_assignment(self): # This is an example a function going through CopyObject which # used to have an untested special path for scalars # (the character special dtype case, should be deprecated probably) arr = np.zeros((1, 5), dtype="c") arr[0] = np.str_("asdfg") # must assign as a sequence assert_array_equal(arr[0], np.array("asdfg", dtype="c")) assert arr[0, 1] == b"s" # make sure not all were set to "a" for both @pytest.mark.parametrize("index", [True, False, np.array([0])]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("num", [32, 40]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("original_ndim", [1, 32]) def test_too_many_advanced_indices(self, index, num, original_ndim): # These are limitations based on the number of arguments we can process. # For `num=32` (and all boolean cases), the result is actually define; # but the use of NpyIter (NPY_MAXARGS) limits it for technical reasons. arr = np.ones((1,) * original_ndim) with pytest.raises(IndexError): arr[(index,) * num] with pytest.raises(IndexError): arr[(index,) * num] = 1. @pytest.mark.skipif(IS_WASM, reason="no threading") def test_structured_advanced_indexing(self): # Test that copyswap(n) used by integer array indexing is threadsafe # for structured datatypes, see gh-15387. This test can behave randomly. from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor # Create a deeply nested dtype to make a failure more likely: dt = np.dtype([("", "f8")]) dt = np.dtype([("", dt)] * 2) dt = np.dtype([("", dt)] * 2) # The array should be large enough to likely run into threading issues arr = np.random.uniform(size=(6000, 8)).view(dt)[:, 0] rng = np.random.default_rng() def func(arr): indx = rng.integers(0, len(arr), size=6000, dtype=np.intp) arr[indx] tpe = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=8) futures = [tpe.submit(func, arr) for _ in range(10)] for f in futures: f.result() assert arr.dtype is dt def test_nontuple_ndindex(self): a = np.arange(25).reshape((5, 5)) assert_equal(a[[0, 1]], np.array([a[0], a[1]])) assert_equal(a[[0, 1], [0, 1]], np.array([0, 6])) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, [slice(None)]) class TestFieldIndexing: def test_scalar_return_type(self): # Field access on an array should return an array, even if it # is 0-d. a = np.zeros((), [('a','f8')]) assert_(isinstance(a['a'], np.ndarray)) assert_(isinstance(a[['a']], np.ndarray)) class TestBroadcastedAssignments: def assign(self, a, ind, val): a[ind] = val return a def test_prepending_ones(self): a = np.zeros((3, 2)) a[...] = np.ones((1, 3, 2)) # Fancy with subspace with and without transpose a[[0, 1, 2], :] = np.ones((1, 3, 2)) a[:, [0, 1]] = np.ones((1, 3, 2)) # Fancy without subspace (with broadcasting) a[[[0], [1], [2]], [0, 1]] = np.ones((1, 3, 2)) def test_prepend_not_one(self): assign = self.assign s_ = np.s_ a = np.zeros(5) # Too large and not only ones. assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[...], np.ones((2, 1))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[[1, 2, 3],], np.ones((2, 1))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[[[1], [2]],], np.ones((2,2,1))) def test_simple_broadcasting_errors(self): assign = self.assign s_ = np.s_ a = np.zeros((5, 1)) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[...], np.zeros((5, 2))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[...], np.zeros((5, 0))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[:, [0]], np.zeros((5, 2))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[:, [0]], np.zeros((5, 0))) assert_raises(ValueError, assign, a, s_[[0], :], np.zeros((2, 1))) @pytest.mark.parametrize("index", [ (..., [1, 2], slice(None)), ([0, 1], ..., 0), (..., [1, 2], [1, 2])]) def test_broadcast_error_reports_correct_shape(self, index): values = np.zeros((100, 100)) # will never broadcast below arr = np.zeros((3, 4, 5, 6, 7)) # We currently report without any spaces (could be changed) shape_str = str(arr[index].shape).replace(" ", "") with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e: arr[index] = values assert str(e.value).endswith(shape_str) def test_index_is_larger(self): # Simple case of fancy index broadcasting of the index. a = np.zeros((5, 5)) a[[[0], [1], [2]], [0, 1, 2]] = [2, 3, 4] assert_((a[:3, :3] == [2, 3, 4]).all()) def test_broadcast_subspace(self): a = np.zeros((100, 100)) v = np.arange(100)[:,None] b = np.arange(100)[::-1] a[b] = v assert_((a[::-1] == v).all()) class TestSubclasses: def test_basic(self): # Test that indexing in various ways produces SubClass instances, # and that the base is set up correctly: the original subclass # instance for views, and a new ndarray for advanced/boolean indexing # where a copy was made (latter a regression test for gh-11983). class SubClass(np.ndarray): pass a = np.arange(5) s = a.view(SubClass) s_slice = s[:3] assert_(type(s_slice) is SubClass) assert_(s_slice.base is s) assert_array_equal(s_slice, a[:3]) s_fancy = s[[0, 1, 2]] assert_(type(s_fancy) is SubClass) assert_(s_fancy.base is not s) assert_(type(s_fancy.base) is np.ndarray) assert_array_equal(s_fancy, a[[0, 1, 2]]) assert_array_equal(s_fancy.base, a[[0, 1, 2]]) s_bool = s[s > 0] assert_(type(s_bool) is SubClass) assert_(s_bool.base is not s) assert_(type(s_bool.base) is np.ndarray) assert_array_equal(s_bool, a[a > 0]) assert_array_equal(s_bool.base, a[a > 0]) def test_fancy_on_read_only(self): # Test that fancy indexing on read-only SubClass does not make a # read-only copy (gh-14132) class SubClass(np.ndarray): pass a = np.arange(5) s = a.view(SubClass) s.flags.writeable = False s_fancy = s[[0, 1, 2]] assert_(s_fancy.flags.writeable) def test_finalize_gets_full_info(self): # Array finalize should be called on the filled array. class SubClass(np.ndarray): def __array_finalize__(self, old): self.finalize_status = np.array(self) self.old = old s = np.arange(10).view(SubClass) new_s = s[:3] assert_array_equal(new_s.finalize_status, new_s) assert_array_equal(new_s.old, s) new_s = s[[0,1,2,3]] assert_array_equal(new_s.finalize_status, new_s) assert_array_equal(new_s.old, s) new_s = s[s > 0] assert_array_equal(new_s.finalize_status, new_s) assert_array_equal(new_s.old, s) class TestFancyIndexingCast: def test_boolean_index_cast_assign(self): # Setup the boolean index and float arrays. shape = (8, 63) bool_index = np.zeros(shape).astype(bool) bool_index[0, 1] = True zero_array = np.zeros(shape) # Assigning float is fine. zero_array[bool_index] = np.array([1]) assert_equal(zero_array[0, 1], 1) # Fancy indexing works, although we get a cast warning. assert_warns(np.ComplexWarning, zero_array.__setitem__, ([0], [1]), np.array([2 + 1j])) assert_equal(zero_array[0, 1], 2) # No complex part # Cast complex to float, throwing away the imaginary portion. assert_warns(np.ComplexWarning, zero_array.__setitem__, bool_index, np.array([1j])) assert_equal(zero_array[0, 1], 0) class TestFancyIndexingEquivalence: def test_object_assign(self): # Check that the field and object special case using copyto is active. # The right hand side cannot be converted to an array here. a = np.arange(5, dtype=object) b = a.copy() a[:3] = [1, (1,2), 3] b[[0, 1, 2]] = [1, (1,2), 3] assert_array_equal(a, b) # test same for subspace fancy indexing b = np.arange(5, dtype=object)[None, :] b[[0], :3] = [[1, (1,2), 3]] assert_array_equal(a, b[0]) # Check that swapping of axes works. # There was a bug that made the later assignment throw a ValueError # do to an incorrectly transposed temporary right hand side (gh-5714) b = b.T b[:3, [0]] = [[1], [(1,2)], [3]] assert_array_equal(a, b[:, 0]) # Another test for the memory order of the subspace arr = np.ones((3, 4, 5), dtype=object) # Equivalent slicing assignment for comparison cmp_arr = arr.copy() cmp_arr[:1, ...] = [[[1], [2], [3], [4]]] arr[[0], ...] = [[[1], [2], [3], [4]]] assert_array_equal(arr, cmp_arr) arr = arr.copy('F') arr[[0], ...] = [[[1], [2], [3], [4]]] assert_array_equal(arr, cmp_arr) def test_cast_equivalence(self): # Yes, normal slicing uses unsafe casting. a = np.arange(5) b = a.copy() a[:3] = np.array(['2', '-3', '-1']) b[[0, 2, 1]] = np.array(['2', '-1', '-3']) assert_array_equal(a, b) # test the same for subspace fancy indexing b = np.arange(5)[None, :] b[[0], :3] = np.array([['2', '-3', '-1']]) assert_array_equal(a, b[0]) class TestMultiIndexingAutomated: """ These tests use code to mimic the C-Code indexing for selection. NOTE: * This still lacks tests for complex item setting. * If you change behavior of indexing, you might want to modify these tests to try more combinations. * Behavior was written to match numpy version 1.8. (though a first version matched 1.7.) * Only tuple indices are supported by the mimicking code. (and tested as of writing this) * Error types should match most of the time as long as there is only one error. For multiple errors, what gets raised will usually not be the same one. They are *not* tested. Update 2016-11-30: It is probably not worth maintaining this test indefinitely and it can be dropped if maintenance becomes a burden. """ def setup_method(self): self.a = np.arange(np.prod([3, 1, 5, 6])).reshape(3, 1, 5, 6) self.b = np.empty((3, 0, 5, 6)) self.complex_indices = ['skip', Ellipsis, 0, # Boolean indices, up to 3-d for some special cases of eating up # dimensions, also need to test all False np.array([True, False, False]), np.array([[True, False], [False, True]]), np.array([[[False, False], [False, False]]]), # Some slices: slice(-5, 5, 2), slice(1, 1, 100), slice(4, -1, -2), slice(None, None, -3), # Some Fancy indexes: np.empty((0, 1, 1), dtype=np.intp), # empty and can be broadcast np.array([0, 1, -2]), np.array([[2], [0], [1]]), np.array([[0, -1], [0, 1]], dtype=np.dtype('intp').newbyteorder()), np.array([2, -1], dtype=np.int8), np.zeros([1]*31, dtype=int), # trigger too large array. np.array([0., 1.])] # invalid datatype # Some simpler indices that still cover a bit more self.simple_indices = [Ellipsis, None, -1, [1], np.array([True]), 'skip'] # Very simple ones to fill the rest: self.fill_indices = [slice(None, None), 0] def _get_multi_index(self, arr, indices): """Mimic multi dimensional indexing. Parameters ---------- arr : ndarray Array to be indexed. indices : tuple of index objects Returns ------- out : ndarray An array equivalent to the indexing operation (but always a copy). `arr[indices]` should be identical. no_copy : bool Whether the indexing operation requires a copy. If this is `True`, `np.may_share_memory(arr, arr[indices])` should be `True` (with some exceptions for scalars and possibly 0-d arrays). Notes ----- While the function may mostly match the errors of normal indexing this is generally not the case. """ in_indices = list(indices) indices = [] # if False, this is a fancy or boolean index no_copy = True # number of fancy/scalar indexes that are not consecutive num_fancy = 0 # number of dimensions indexed by a "fancy" index fancy_dim = 0 # NOTE: This is a funny twist (and probably OK to change). # The boolean array has illegal indexes, but this is # allowed if the broadcast fancy-indices are 0-sized. # This variable is to catch that case. error_unless_broadcast_to_empty = False # We need to handle Ellipsis and make arrays from indices, also # check if this is fancy indexing (set no_copy). ndim = 0 ellipsis_pos = None # define here mostly to replace all but first. for i, indx in enumerate(in_indices): if indx is None: continue if isinstance(indx, np.ndarray) and indx.dtype == bool: no_copy = False if indx.ndim == 0: raise IndexError # boolean indices can have higher dimensions ndim += indx.ndim fancy_dim += indx.ndim continue if indx is Ellipsis: if ellipsis_pos is None: ellipsis_pos = i continue # do not increment ndim counter raise IndexError if isinstance(indx, slice): ndim += 1 continue if not isinstance(indx, np.ndarray): # This could be open for changes in numpy. # numpy should maybe raise an error if casting to intp # is not safe. It rejects np.array([1., 2.]) but not # [1., 2.] as index (same for ie. np.take). # (Note the importance of empty lists if changing this here) try: indx = np.array(indx, dtype=np.intp) except ValueError: raise IndexError in_indices[i] = indx elif indx.dtype.kind != 'b' and indx.dtype.kind != 'i': raise IndexError('arrays used as indices must be of ' 'integer (or boolean) type') if indx.ndim != 0: no_copy = False ndim += 1 fancy_dim += 1 if arr.ndim - ndim < 0: # we can't take more dimensions then we have, not even for 0-d # arrays. since a[()] makes sense, but not a[(),]. We will # raise an error later on, unless a broadcasting error occurs # first. raise IndexError if ndim == 0 and None not in in_indices: # Well we have no indexes or one Ellipsis. This is legal. return arr.copy(), no_copy if ellipsis_pos is not None: in_indices[ellipsis_pos:ellipsis_pos+1] = ([slice(None, None)] * (arr.ndim - ndim)) for ax, indx in enumerate(in_indices): if isinstance(indx, slice): # convert to an index array indx = np.arange(*indx.indices(arr.shape[ax])) indices.append(['s', indx]) continue elif indx is None: # this is like taking a slice with one element from a new axis: indices.append(['n', np.array([0], dtype=np.intp)]) arr = arr.reshape((arr.shape[:ax] + (1,) + arr.shape[ax:])) continue if isinstance(indx, np.ndarray) and indx.dtype == bool: if indx.shape != arr.shape[ax:ax+indx.ndim]: raise IndexError try: flat_indx = np.ravel_multi_index(np.nonzero(indx), arr.shape[ax:ax+indx.ndim], mode='raise') except Exception: error_unless_broadcast_to_empty = True # fill with 0s instead, and raise error later flat_indx = np.array([0]*indx.sum(), dtype=np.intp) # concatenate axis into a single one: if indx.ndim != 0: arr = arr.reshape((arr.shape[:ax] + (np.prod(arr.shape[ax:ax+indx.ndim]),) + arr.shape[ax+indx.ndim:])) indx = flat_indx else: # This could be changed, a 0-d boolean index can # make sense (even outside the 0-d indexed array case) # Note that originally this is could be interpreted as # integer in the full integer special case. raise IndexError else: # If the index is a singleton, the bounds check is done # before the broadcasting. This used to be different in <1.9 if indx.ndim == 0: if indx >= arr.shape[ax] or indx < -arr.shape[ax]: raise IndexError if indx.ndim == 0: # The index is a scalar. This used to be two fold, but if # fancy indexing was active, the check was done later, # possibly after broadcasting it away (1.7. or earlier). # Now it is always done. if indx >= arr.shape[ax] or indx < - arr.shape[ax]: raise IndexError if (len(indices) > 0 and indices[-1][0] == 'f' and ax != ellipsis_pos): # NOTE: There could still have been a 0-sized Ellipsis # between them. Checked that with ellipsis_pos. indices[-1].append(indx) else: # We have a fancy index that is not after an existing one. # NOTE: A 0-d array triggers this as well, while one may # expect it to not trigger it, since a scalar would not be # considered fancy indexing. num_fancy += 1 indices.append(['f', indx]) if num_fancy > 1 and not no_copy: # We have to flush the fancy indexes left new_indices = indices[:] axes = list(range(arr.ndim)) fancy_axes = [] new_indices.insert(0, ['f']) ni = 0 ai = 0 for indx in indices: ni += 1 if indx[0] == 'f': new_indices[0].extend(indx[1:]) del new_indices[ni] ni -= 1 for ax in range(ai, ai + len(indx[1:])): fancy_axes.append(ax) axes.remove(ax) ai += len(indx) - 1 # axis we are at indices = new_indices # and now we need to transpose arr: arr = arr.transpose(*(fancy_axes + axes)) # We only have one 'f' index now and arr is transposed accordingly. # Now handle newaxis by reshaping... ax = 0 for indx in indices: if indx[0] == 'f': if len(indx) == 1: continue # First of all, reshape arr to combine fancy axes into one: orig_shape = arr.shape orig_slice = orig_shape[ax:ax + len(indx[1:])] arr = arr.reshape((arr.shape[:ax] + (np.prod(orig_slice).astype(int),) + arr.shape[ax + len(indx[1:]):])) # Check if broadcasting works res = np.broadcast(*indx[1:]) # unfortunately the indices might be out of bounds. So check # that first, and use mode='wrap' then. However only if # there are any indices... if res.size != 0: if error_unless_broadcast_to_empty: raise IndexError for _indx, _size in zip(indx[1:], orig_slice): if _indx.size == 0: continue if np.any(_indx >= _size) or np.any(_indx < -_size): raise IndexError if len(indx[1:]) == len(orig_slice): if np.prod(orig_slice) == 0: # Work around for a crash or IndexError with 'wrap' # in some 0-sized cases. try: mi = np.ravel_multi_index(indx[1:], orig_slice, mode='raise') except Exception: # This happens with 0-sized orig_slice (sometimes?) # here it is a ValueError, but indexing gives a: raise IndexError('invalid index into 0-sized') else: mi = np.ravel_multi_index(indx[1:], orig_slice, mode='wrap') else: # Maybe never happens... raise ValueError arr = arr.take(mi.ravel(), axis=ax) try: arr = arr.reshape((arr.shape[:ax] + mi.shape + arr.shape[ax+1:])) except ValueError: # too many dimensions, probably raise IndexError ax += mi.ndim continue # If we are here, we have a 1D array for take: arr = arr.take(indx[1], axis=ax) ax += 1 return arr, no_copy def _check_multi_index(self, arr, index): """Check a multi index item getting and simple setting. Parameters ---------- arr : ndarray Array to be indexed, must be a reshaped arange. index : tuple of indexing objects Index being tested. """ # Test item getting try: mimic_get, no_copy = self._get_multi_index(arr, index) except Exception as e: if HAS_REFCOUNT: prev_refcount = sys.getrefcount(arr) assert_raises(type(e), arr.__getitem__, index) assert_raises(type(e), arr.__setitem__, index, 0) if HAS_REFCOUNT: assert_equal(prev_refcount, sys.getrefcount(arr)) return self._compare_index_result(arr, index, mimic_get, no_copy) def _check_single_index(self, arr, index): """Check a single index item getting and simple setting. Parameters ---------- arr : ndarray Array to be indexed, must be an arange. index : indexing object Index being tested. Must be a single index and not a tuple of indexing objects (see also `_check_multi_index`). """ try: mimic_get, no_copy = self._get_multi_index(arr, (index,)) except Exception as e: if HAS_REFCOUNT: prev_refcount = sys.getrefcount(arr) assert_raises(type(e), arr.__getitem__, index) assert_raises(type(e), arr.__setitem__, index, 0) if HAS_REFCOUNT: assert_equal(prev_refcount, sys.getrefcount(arr)) return self._compare_index_result(arr, index, mimic_get, no_copy) def _compare_index_result(self, arr, index, mimic_get, no_copy): """Compare mimicked result to indexing result. """ arr = arr.copy() indexed_arr = arr[index] assert_array_equal(indexed_arr, mimic_get) # Check if we got a view, unless its a 0-sized or 0-d array. # (then its not a view, and that does not matter) if indexed_arr.size != 0 and indexed_arr.ndim != 0: assert_(np.may_share_memory(indexed_arr, arr) == no_copy) # Check reference count of the original array if HAS_REFCOUNT: if no_copy: # refcount increases by one: assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(arr), 3) else: assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(arr), 2) # Test non-broadcast setitem: b = arr.copy() b[index] = mimic_get + 1000 if b.size == 0: return # nothing to compare here... if no_copy and indexed_arr.ndim != 0: # change indexed_arr in-place to manipulate original: indexed_arr += 1000 assert_array_equal(arr, b) return # Use the fact that the array is originally an arange: arr.flat[indexed_arr.ravel()] += 1000 assert_array_equal(arr, b) def test_boolean(self): a = np.array(5) assert_equal(a[np.array(True)], 5) a[np.array(True)] = 1 assert_equal(a, 1) # NOTE: This is different from normal broadcasting, as # arr[boolean_array] works like in a multi index. Which means # it is aligned to the left. This is probably correct for # consistency with arr[boolean_array,] also no broadcasting # is done at all self._check_multi_index( self.a, (np.zeros_like(self.a, dtype=bool),)) self._check_multi_index( self.a, (np.zeros_like(self.a, dtype=bool)[..., 0],)) self._check_multi_index( self.a, (np.zeros_like(self.a, dtype=bool)[None, ...],)) def test_multidim(self): # Automatically test combinations with complex indexes on 2nd (or 1st) # spot and the simple ones in one other spot. with warnings.catch_warnings(): # This is so that np.array(True) is not accepted in a full integer # index, when running the file separately. warnings.filterwarnings('error', '', DeprecationWarning) warnings.filterwarnings('error', '', np.VisibleDeprecationWarning) def isskip(idx): return isinstance(idx, str) and idx == "skip" for simple_pos in [0, 2, 3]: tocheck = [self.fill_indices, self.complex_indices, self.fill_indices, self.fill_indices] tocheck[simple_pos] = self.simple_indices for index in product(*tocheck): index = tuple(i for i in index if not isskip(i)) self._check_multi_index(self.a, index) self._check_multi_index(self.b, index) # Check very simple item getting: self._check_multi_index(self.a, (0, 0, 0, 0)) self._check_multi_index(self.b, (0, 0, 0, 0)) # Also check (simple cases of) too many indices: assert_raises(IndexError, self.a.__getitem__, (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)) assert_raises(IndexError, self.a.__setitem__, (0, 0, 0, 0, 0), 0) assert_raises(IndexError, self.a.__getitem__, (0, 0, [1], 0, 0)) assert_raises(IndexError, self.a.__setitem__, (0, 0, [1], 0, 0), 0) def test_1d(self): a = np.arange(10) for index in self.complex_indices: self._check_single_index(a, index) class TestFloatNonIntegerArgument: """ These test that ``TypeError`` is raised when you try to use non-integers as arguments to for indexing and slicing e.g. ``a[0.0:5]`` and ``a[0.5]``, or other functions like ``array.reshape(1., -1)``. """ def test_valid_indexing(self): # These should raise no errors. a = np.array([[[5]]]) a[np.array([0])] a[[0, 0]] a[:, [0, 0]] a[:, 0,:] a[:,:,:] def test_valid_slicing(self): # These should raise no errors. a = np.array([[[5]]]) a[::] a[0:] a[:2] a[0:2] a[::2] a[1::2] a[:2:2] a[1:2:2] def test_non_integer_argument_errors(self): a = np.array([[5]]) assert_raises(TypeError, np.reshape, a, (1., 1., -1)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.reshape, a, (np.array(1.), -1)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.take, a, [0], 1.) assert_raises(TypeError, np.take, a, [0], np.float64(1.)) def test_non_integer_sequence_multiplication(self): # NumPy scalar sequence multiply should not work with non-integers def mult(a, b): return a * b assert_raises(TypeError, mult, [1], np.float_(3)) # following should be OK mult([1], np.int_(3)) def test_reduce_axis_float_index(self): d = np.zeros((3,3,3)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.min, d, 0.5) assert_raises(TypeError, np.min, d, (0.5, 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.min, d, (1, 2.2)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.min, d, (.2, 1.2)) class TestBooleanIndexing: # Using a boolean as integer argument/indexing is an error. def test_bool_as_int_argument_errors(self): a = np.array([[[1]]]) assert_raises(TypeError, np.reshape, a, (True, -1)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.reshape, a, (np.bool_(True), -1)) # Note that operator.index(np.array(True)) does not work, a boolean # array is thus also deprecated, but not with the same message: assert_raises(TypeError, operator.index, np.array(True)) assert_warns(DeprecationWarning, operator.index, np.True_) assert_raises(TypeError, np.take, args=(a, [0], False)) def test_boolean_indexing_weirdness(self): # Weird boolean indexing things a = np.ones((2, 3, 4)) assert a[False, True, ...].shape == (0, 2, 3, 4) assert a[True, [0, 1], True, True, [1], [[2]]].shape == (1, 2) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[False, [0, 1], ...]) def test_boolean_indexing_fast_path(self): # These used to either give the wrong error, or incorrectly give no # error. a = np.ones((3, 3)) # This used to incorrectly work (and give an array of shape (0,)) idx1 = np.array([[False]*9]) assert_raises_regex(IndexError, "boolean index did not match indexed array along dimension 0; " "dimension is 3 but corresponding boolean dimension is 1", lambda: a[idx1]) # This used to incorrectly give a ValueError: operands could not be broadcast together idx2 = np.array([[False]*8 + [True]]) assert_raises_regex(IndexError, "boolean index did not match indexed array along dimension 0; " "dimension is 3 but corresponding boolean dimension is 1", lambda: a[idx2]) # This is the same as it used to be. The above two should work like this. idx3 = np.array([[False]*10]) assert_raises_regex(IndexError, "boolean index did not match indexed array along dimension 0; " "dimension is 3 but corresponding boolean dimension is 1", lambda: a[idx3]) # This used to give ValueError: non-broadcastable operand a = np.ones((1, 1, 2)) idx = np.array([[[True], [False]]]) assert_raises_regex(IndexError, "boolean index did not match indexed array along dimension 1; " "dimension is 1 but corresponding boolean dimension is 2", lambda: a[idx]) class TestArrayToIndexDeprecation: """Creating an index from array not 0-D is an error. """ def test_array_to_index_error(self): # so no exception is expected. The raising is effectively tested above. a = np.array([[[1]]]) assert_raises(TypeError, operator.index, np.array([1])) assert_raises(TypeError, np.reshape, a, (a, -1)) assert_raises(TypeError, np.take, a, [0], a) class TestNonIntegerArrayLike: """Tests that array_likes only valid if can safely cast to integer. For instance, lists give IndexError when they cannot be safely cast to an integer. """ def test_basic(self): a = np.arange(10) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, [0.5, 1.5]) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, (['1', '2'],)) # The following is valid a.__getitem__([]) class TestMultipleEllipsisError: """An index can only have a single ellipsis. """ def test_basic(self): a = np.arange(10) assert_raises(IndexError, lambda: a[..., ...]) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, ((Ellipsis,) * 2,)) assert_raises(IndexError, a.__getitem__, ((Ellipsis,) * 3,)) class TestCApiAccess: def test_getitem(self): subscript = functools.partial(array_indexing, 0) # 0-d arrays don't work: assert_raises(IndexError, subscript, np.ones(()), 0) # Out of bound values: assert_raises(IndexError, subscript, np.ones(10), 11) assert_raises(IndexError, subscript, np.ones(10), -11) assert_raises(IndexError, subscript, np.ones((10, 10)), 11) assert_raises(IndexError, subscript, np.ones((10, 10)), -11) a = np.arange(10) assert_array_equal(a[4], subscript(a, 4)) a = a.reshape(5, 2) assert_array_equal(a[-4], subscript(a, -4)) def test_setitem(self): assign = functools.partial(array_indexing, 1) # Deletion is impossible: assert_raises(ValueError, assign, np.ones(10), 0) # 0-d arrays don't work: assert_raises(IndexError, assign, np.ones(()), 0, 0) # Out of bound values: assert_raises(IndexError, assign, np.ones(10), 11, 0) assert_raises(IndexError, assign, np.ones(10), -11, 0) assert_raises(IndexError, assign, np.ones((10, 10)), 11, 0) assert_raises(IndexError, assign, np.ones((10, 10)), -11, 0) a = np.arange(10) assign(a, 4, 10) assert_(a[4] == 10) a = a.reshape(5, 2) assign(a, 4, 10) assert_array_equal(a[-1], [10, 10])